See also Other Works | Publicity Listings | Official Sites View agent, publicist, legal and company contact details on IMDbPro Contribute to This Page Edit page Fans of medieval historical fiction wont want to miss this. Her fatherWilliam X,. On 11 March 1152, they met at the royal castle of Beaugency to dissolve the marriage. The effigy on her tomb shows a tall and large-boned woman with brown skin, though this may not be an accurate representation. [16] She may not have been anointed on this occasion, however, because she had already been anointed in 1137. In mid-July, Eleanor's ship finally reached Palermo in Sicily, where she discovered that she and her husband had both been given up for dead. Eleanor recruited some of her royal ladies-in-waiting for the campaign as well as 300 non-noble Aquitainian vassals. He was interred at the feet of the tomb of his great-grandfather, Henry I, in Westminster Abbey. Louis VI soon married her to his son and heir, and within weeks the king died so that Louis VII came to the throne with Eleanor as his queen. They were the parents of at least 1 son and 4 daughters. [3] Eventually, Louis agreed to an annulment, as fifteen years of marriage had not produced a son. Louis's subsequent siege of Damascus in 1148 with his remaining army, reinforced by Conrad and Baldwin III of Jerusalem, achieved little. Eleanor had only two daughters by Louis VII, but to her new husband she bore five sons and three daughters. 2. . Louis was personally involved in the assault and burning of the town of Vitry. In Penman's historical mysteries, Eleanor, as Richard's regent, sends squire Justin de Quincy on various missions, often an investigation of a situation involving Prince John. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. The notion that she had another half-brother, William, has been discredited. Her marriage to Louis was annulled amid rumours that she had indulged in an affair with her uncle, Raymond, Prince of Antioch whilst in the Holy Land. Louis and Eleanor, on separate ships due to their disagreements, were first attacked in May 1149 by Byzantine ships. I cant help wondering whether Stephens behaviour towards Henry, the notion that one could be civil to an enemy, that the cause between them didnt mean they had to personally despise each other, left a mark. She married John Allison about 1708, in Maryland, British Colonial America. After that, Eleanor goes on to live what, for anyone else, might constitute the third glitteringly impressive medieval life she was gifted. Marriage to Henry II and administration of England, Armand-Jean du Plessis, cardinal et duc de Richelieu, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Eleanor-of-Aquitaine, World History Encyclopedia - Eleanor of Aquitaine, The Ohio State University - eHistory - Eleanor of Aquitaine, Heritage History - Biography of Eleanor of Aquitaine, Eleanor of Aquitaine - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Eleanor of Aquitaine, Richard I, and Henry II. Join Now Auditions & Jobs. The sons were William, who died at the age of three; Henry; Richard, the Lionheart; Geoffrey, duke of Brittany; and John, surnamed Lackland until, having outlived all his brothers, he inherited, in 1199, the crown of England. Eleanor is the subject of A Proud Taste for Scarlet and Miniver, a children's novel by E. L. Konigsburg. Eleanor, nearly 80 years old, fearing the disintegration of the Plantagenet domain, crossed the Pyrenees in 1200 in order to fetch her granddaughter Blanche from the court of Castile and marry her to the son of the French king. Eleanor secured her freedom by agreeing to his demands. In autumn 1145, Pope Eugene III requested that Louis lead a Crusade to the Middle East to rescue the Frankish states there from disaster. It was rumoured that the bride and groom had anticipated the ceremony and there was also a story that she had known the grooms late father, Geoffrey of Anjou, considerably better than she should have done. An interdict was thereupon imposed upon the king's lands, and Pierre was given refuge by Theobald II, Count of Champagne. It allowed him to meet the chivalric imperative of helping another, and a family member too, to help prevent him suffering dishonour. Louis VII had set Eleanor aside, and there had been efforts to blame her for their lack of a son and heir. Eleanor has her eyes open, watchful still. By this marriage she hoped to ensure peace between the Plantagenets of England and the Capetian kings of France. This suspicion of responsibility did nothing for her popularity in Christendom. [9] Some believe that Eleanor's court in Poitiers was the "Court of Love" where Eleanor and her daughter Marie meshed and encouraged the ideas of troubadours, chivalry, and courtly love into a single court. "[19], Official blame for the disaster was placed on Geoffrey de Rancon, who had made the decision to continue, and it was suggested that he be hanged, a suggestion which the king ignored. "[32] One source claimed that the queen sent her younger sons to France "to join with him against their father the king. In the ensuing Battle of Mount Cadmus, the Turks, who had been following and feinting for many days, seized their opportunity and attacked those who had not yet crossed the summit. Louis was outraged that his former wife, and vassal, had remarried without his permission. When his father's ring was sent to him, he begged that his father would show mercy to his mother, and that all his companions would plead with Henry to set her free. Since Geoffrey was Eleanor's vassal, many believed that it was she who had been ultimately responsible for the change in plan, and thus the massacre. "[33] Once her sons had left for Paris, Eleanor may have encouraged the lords of the south to rise up and support them.[9]. At this point, Eleanor was 49 - already deemed an elderly woman. The problem was that this made them a threat to many, most notably the King of France. In the 2003 television film version, Eleanor was played by Glenn Close alongside Patrick Stewart as Henry. Home, however, was not easily reached. In 1199 Richard died without leaving an heir to the throne, and John was crowned king. Eleanor Henry was born on June 7, 1897, and died at age 79 years old in October 1976. Her half-brother Joscelin was acknowledged by WilliamX as a son, but not as his heir. Eleanor Henry has appeared on Broadway in 4 shows. The marriage was now doomed. Eleanor was queen consort to Louis VII (113752) of France and Henry II of England (11521204). She stayed in Normandy for six months. Henry made the apparently absurd move of asking King Stephen, his mothers cousin, but his rival for the throne of England, to bail him out. Although they escaped this attempt unharmed, stormy weather drove Eleanor's ship far to the south to the Barbary Coast and caused her to lose track of her husband. Telling the stories of Henry and Eleanor together was, as I mentioned earlier, tricky. Eleanor of Aquitaine (c. 1122 - 1 April 1204; French: Alinor d'Aquitaine, pronounced [aljen dakitn]) was Queen of France from 1137 to 1152 as the wife of King Louis VII, Queen of England from 1154 to 1189 as the wife of King Henry II, and Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right from 1137 until her death in 1204. [36] By the time of her death she had outlived all of her children except for King John of England and Queen Eleanor of Castile. Louis's refusal and his forcing her to accompany him humiliated Eleanor, and she maintained a low profile for the rest of the crusade. She certainly left for her own city of Poitiers immediately after Christmas. Archbishop Samson of Reims acted for Eleanor. On Saturday, 11 June 1183, the young king realized he was dying and was overcome with remorse for his sins. Menu Log In Sign Up Just outside Poitiers she was ambushed and held captive by Hugh IX of Lusignan, whose lands had been sold to HenryII by his forebears. However, he died on Good Friday of that year (9April). [39], Eleanor serves as an important allegorical figure in Ezra Pound's early Cantos.[40]. Trusted by millions of genealogists since 2003 Her tomb effigy shows her reading a Bible and is decorated with representations of magnificent jewellery; such effigies were rare, and Eleanor's is one of the finest of the few that survive from this period. For Eleanor, the appeal of Henry was probably less some passionate obsession with a younger man than a realistic assessment of who was single and in a position to protect her and Aquitaine. A contemporary Norman chronicler, Robert de Torigny, confessed himself uncertain whether the marriage was a matter of sudden impulse or careful premeditation. Learn how and when to remove this template message, BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, Golden Globe Award for Best Actress Motion Picture Drama, The Story of Robin Hood and His Merrie Men, Berengaria, queen regnant of Castile and queen of Len, The Oxford Companion to English Literature, https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/basis/williamofnewburgh-two.asp#7, "A letter From Eleanor of Aquitaine to Pope Celestine III (1193)", "Blogging Pound's The Cantos: Cantos VI and VII", "Eleanor of Aquitaine and the Brother Who Never Was", Eleanor of Aquitaine and the Four Kings (1978 edition), Eleanor of Aquitaine: A Biography; (1991 edition), "Royal manuscript patronage in late Ducal Normandy? View Elinor Henry results including current phone number, address, relatives, background check report, and property record with Whitepages. While his main focus is the Wars of the Roses and Richard III, hes a historian of the middle ages in general. In her attendance at celebrations where their sons were present, there seems little fear on Henrys part that she might try again to incite an uprising. A few weeks later, Eleanor's father-in-law died and her husband succeeded him as King Louis VII. On 18 May 1152 (Whit Sunday), eight weeks after her annulment, Eleanor married Henry "without the pomp and ceremony that befitted their rank."[24]. Louis was a weak and ineffectual military leader with no skill for maintaining troop discipline or morale, or of making informed and logical tactical decisions. Henry II was elsewhere, attending to his own affairs after escorting Eleanor there. When she was young, she was described as perpulchramore than beautiful. Looking for Eleanor Henry? To strengthen their argument, they state that there is no other evidence that Marie ever stayed with her mother in Poitiers. In December 1154, Henry and Eleanor arrived in England for their joint coronation. His main focus is the Wars of the Roses and Richard III, but he has also written on The Anarchy, Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, and Henry III. [4] She also learned domestic skills such as household management and the needle arts of embroidery, needlepoint, sewing, spinning, and weaving. Attempts were made to claim Toulouse, the rightful inheritance of Eleanor's grandmother Philippa of Toulouse, but they ended in failure. It may have been largely to teach manners, something the French courts would be known for in later generations. In the cost Henry incurred on her care, and her placement at one of her favourite castles at Old Sarum, there is little trace of the vindictive, wronged husband. Henry lies still, his eyes closed, holding his regalia, as he probably never was in life. She was given shelter and food by servants of King Roger II of Sicily, until the king eventually reached Calabria, and she set out to meet him there. 4,476 Followers, 1,780 Following, 592 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from ELEANOR HENRY (@eleanorhenry) [36] However, during the French Revolution the abbey of Fontevraud was sacked and the tombs were disturbed and vandalised consequently the bones of Eleanor, Henry, Richard, Joanna and Isabella of Angoulme were exhumed and scattered, never to be recovered. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. The duke also insisted to his companions that his death be kept a secret until Louis was informed; the men were to journey from Saint James of Compostela across the Pyrenees as quickly as possible to call at Bordeaux to notify the archbishop, then to make all speed to Paris to inform the king. Those who tried to escape were caught and killed. In 1154 he became, as Henry II, king of England, with the result that England, Normandy, and the west of France were united under his rule. A context for the female patron portrait of the, Eleanor of Aquitaine: A Life (2008 edition), "Eleanor [Eleanor of Aquitaine], suo jure duchess of Aquitaine", Eleanor of Aquitaine: The Mother Queen of the Middle Ages (2014 edition), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_of_Aquitaine&oldid=1132445528, This page was last edited on 8 January 2023, at 22:51. That made Eleanor a target, and I think it is through this lens that we need to view later criticisms of her, not to mention sordid stories that began to do the rounds. [12][37] William of Newburgh emphasised the charms of her person, and even in her old age Richard of Devizes described her as beautiful, while Matthew Paris, writing in the 13thcentury, recalled her "admirable beauty". Eleanor has featured in a number of screen versions of the Ivanhoe and Robin Hood stories. Trivia (1) Twin sister of Emma Henry. As these were the days when kidnapping an heiress was seen as a viable option for obtaining a title, William dictated a will on the very day he died that bequeathed his domains to Eleanor and appointed King Louis VI of France as her guardian. There is, I think, so much more to their story than we usually allow. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. While there, the queen met with Bernard of Clairvaux, asking him to use his influence with the Pope to have the excommunication of Petronilla and Raoul lifted, in exchange for which King Louis would make concessions in Champagne and recognise Pierre de la Chatre as archbishop of Bourges. It is also speculated that Eleanor placed Rosamund in a bathtub and had an old woman cut Rosamund's arms. A bitter feud arose between the king and Thomas Becket, initially his chancellor and closest adviser and later the archbishop of Canterbury. From the moment the Crusaders entered Asia Minor, things began to go badly. However, while camping near Nicea, the remnants of the German army, including a dazed and sick Conrad III, staggered past the French camp, bringing news of their disaster. She was the eldest of three children. Contemporary sources praise Eleanor's beauty. Queen Elanor's Confession, or Queen Eleanor's Confession, is Child ballad 156. Although he had been invested as such on 8 August 1137, a messenger gave him the news that Louis VI had died of dysentery on 1 August while he and Eleanor were making a tour of the provinces. [9] However, until a husband was found, the king had the legal right to Eleanor's lands. The death of her father left her an unmarried teenager and one of the greatest heiresses in Europe. There was an odd series of standoffs, and a refusal to fight that is usually put down to nobles tired of the ongoing wars. He and Eleanor were anointed and crowned king and queen of France on Christmas Day of the same year. She was beautiful and just, imposing and modest, humble and elegant; and, as the nuns of Fontevrault wrote in their necrology, a queen who surpassed almost all the queens of the world.. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. From this were birthed not only tales of an affair with Raymond as the only possible explanation for Eleanor dissenting from her husbands decision, but also later stories of Eleanor planning to run away and marry Saladin, who was around twelve or thirteen at the time. [28], Some scholars believe that the "court of love" probably never existed since the only evidence for it is Andreas Capellanus' book. Eleanor Gail Henry, Age 74 Current Address:KUEAPeony Ln, Jackson, MO Past Addresses:Keokuk IA, Oswego NY +1 more Phone Number:(573) 833-GAME+2 phones Email Address:[email protected] +2 emails UNLOCK PROFILE Contacts(6) Locations(4) Family(2) Social(1) Court(30) And More Phone & Email(6) We found 6 phone numbers and email addresses. Christmas was celebrated at the royal court there, and she appears to have agreed to a separation from Henry. Sancocho New York, NY . If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. All rights reserved. Eleanor of the House of Poitiers was born somewhere between 1122 and 1124, the daughter of William X, Duke of Aquitaine and Aenor de Chatellerault. She was not aided by memories of Constance of Arles, the Provenal wife of Robert II, tales of whose immodest dress and language were still told with horror. Although the figures are intended as Eleanor of Aquitaine, Henry II of England, and William Marshall, the story is an entire invention. As she matured, she became known for her tenacity and political wisdom. In the 2014 film Richard the Lionheart: Rebellion, Eleanor is played by Debbie Rochon. Eleanor was in her mid-forties, and the couple had seven children, including four sons (no doubt to Louis VIIs irritation!). Browse Locations. As soon as the annulment was granted, Eleanor became engaged to her third cousin Henry, Duke of Normandy. On her release, Eleanor played a greater political role than ever before. Outraged, Louis swore upon relics that so long as he lived Pierre should never enter Bourges. She was also blamed for the size of the baggage train and the fact that her Aquitanian soldiers had marched at the front and thus were not involved in the fight. All that can be said is that her court at Poitiers was most likely a catalyst for the increased popularity of courtly love literature in the Western European regions. If it had created a well of goodwill, it was to help settle the disputed succession in Henrys favour. Cease to stir up the king against the Church, and urge upon him a better course of action. She was a patron of poets such as Wace, Benot de Sainte-Maure, and Bernart de Ventadorn. Instead, he attempted to reconcile Eleanor and Louis, confirming the legality of their marriage. Accordingly, Louis declared on Christmas Day 1145 at Bourges his intention of going on a crusade. Manage Settings Louis became involved in a war with Count Theobald by permitting Raoul I, Count of Vermandois and seneschal of France, to repudiate his wife Eleanor of Blois, Theobald's sister, and to marry Petronilla of Aquitaine, Eleanor's sister. [9] It was agreed that the duchy would remain independent of France until Eleanor's oldest son became both king of France and duke of Aquitaine. Henry and Eleanor were an extraordinary couple, who lived extraordinary lives in Eleanors case about three of them. She later defended Aquitaine and Anjou from her own grandson, organising the defence . Eleanor went back to England probably early in 1184. The revolt of her sons against her husband in 1173 put her cultural activities to a brutal end. Eleanor then returned to Fontevraud where she took the veil as a nun. Eleanor Henry VI Part 2. Eleanor was related to Henry even more closely than she had been to Louis: they were cousins to the third degree through their common ancestor Ermengarde of Anjou, wife of Robert I, Duke of Burgundy and Geoffrey, Count of Gtinais, and they were also descended from King Robert II of France. Upon the death of her husband Henry II on 6 July 1189, Richard I was the undisputed heir. [23] Thus was conceived their second childnot a son, but another daughter, Alix of France. The French royal family retreated to Jerusalem and then sailed to Rome and made their way back to Paris. In 1202 John was again in her debt for holding Mirebeau against Arthur, until John, coming to her relief, was able to take him prisoner. [Berman 228.][why?]) In 1137 Duke William X left Poitiers for Bordeaux and took his daughters with him. Eleanor survived Richard and lived well into the reign of her youngest son, King John. This has attracted confusion and derision for Stephen, from contemporaries and later commentators, but I think there was good reason for him to behave as he did. Check out Eleanor Henry's Bio Now His goal throughout his reign was to recover and restore all of the rights held by his grandfather Henry I, and he would pursue these ferociously and doggedly. She died in 1776, in Sugarland, Montgomery, Maryland, United States, at the age of 91. Copyright 1998 - 2023 Sharon Kay Penman. He was the future of the place that meant the most to her. He may have done so to provoke Eleanor into seeking an annulment, but if so, the queen disappointed him. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). She had her tomb placed abreast that she had commissioned for her husband, Henry, suggesting again a fondness that undermines the view of their relationship as fractious and difficult. I particularly liked the story of him bringing a small mercenary force to England when he was fourteen to chance his arm. On her way back to Aquitaine, Eleanor had been the subject to two kidnap attempts that aimed to force her into marriage. Copyright 2023 History Today Ltd. Company no. As soon as John heard of this, he marched south, overcame the besiegers, and captured the 15-year-old Arthur, and probably his sister Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany, whom Eleanor had raised with Richard. After wandering aimlessly through Aquitaine, Henry the Younger caught dysentery. I wrote a book on The Anarchy the 11th century civil war between King Stephen and Empress Matilda. In Paris as the queen of France, she was called Helienordis, her honorific name as written in the Latin epistles. Corrections? Polly Schroyer Brooks, the author of a non-academic biography of Eleanor, suggests that the court did exist, but that it was not taken very seriously, and that acts of courtly love were just a "parlour game" made up by Eleanor and Marie in order to place some order over the young courtiers living there. Not surprisingly, her life with Henry was stormy. When their third son Geoffrey also dies, Henry seems to want to spend time with Eleanor. It was, at 75, perhaps her first real mistake. Breakdown; . Within hours, the king had arranged for his son Louis to be married to Eleanor, with Abbot Suger in charge of the wedding arrangements. Poitou, where Eleanor spent most of her childhood, and Aquitaine together was almost one-third the size of modern France. The marriage took most people by surprise. Reputedly Eleanor then requested to stay with Raymond and brought up the matter of consanguinitythe fact that she and her husband, King Louis, were perhaps too closely related.

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